By Sam Glucksberg
ISBN-10: 0195111095
ISBN-13: 9780195111095
This e-book examines how humans comprehend utterances which are meant figuratively. regularly, figurative language corresponding to metaphors and idioms has been thought of spinoff from extra complicated than ostensibly undemanding literal language. Glucksberg argues that figurative language consists of an identical forms of linguistic and pragmatic operations which are used for traditional, literal language. Glucksberg's study during this booklet is anxious with traditional language: expressions which are utilized in way of life, together with conversations approximately daily issues, newspaper and journal articles, and the media. Metaphor is the main concentration of the publication. Idioms, although, also are handled comprehensively, as is the idea of conceptual metaphor within the context of the way humans comprehend either traditional and novel figurative expressions. a brand new idea of metaphor comprehension is recommend, and evaluated with admire to competing theories in linguistics and in psychology. The primary guideline of the idea is that standard conversational metaphors are used to create new innovations and different types. This technique is spontaneous and automated. Metaphor is unique basically within the feel that those different types get their names from the simplest examples of the issues they signify, and that those different types get their names from the simplest examples of these different types. therefore, the literal "shark" could be a metaphor for any vicious and predatory being, from unscrupulous salespeople to a murderous personality within the Threepenny Opera. as the similar time period, e.g.,"shark," is used either for its literal referent and for the metaphorical classification, as in "My legal professional is a shark," we name it the dual-reference idea. the idea is then prolonged to 2 different domain names: idioms and conceptual metaphors. The booklet offers the 1st complete account of the way humans use and comprehend metaphors in way of life.
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Extra resources for Understanding Figurative Language: From Metaphor to Idioms (Oxford Psychology Series)
Example text
Gentner and her colleagues have developed a structural alignment model of metaphor comprehension that, in principle, deals with many of the problems that we have identified for pure matching models: feature selection, attribution of new features to metaphor topics, nonreversibility of metaphoric comparisons, and matching of nonidentical features. , statements of the form A is like B can BEYOND SIMILARITY 37 always be paraphrased as A is B). We return to these two issues after we outline Gentner’s structural alignment model of metaphor interpretation.
2a). Information about literal and metaphorical meanings accumulates at the same rate, even though they may reach different asymptotes, as indicated by the equal times to reach asymptote. The difference between the two functions remains constant after a brief rise from zero, indicating that the two functions differ only in asymptotic level. 2b would be produced by a two-stage, sequential processing system. An example of such a system is one in which literal meaning is obtained first and is then used to generate metaphorical meaning.
They also have 44 UNDERSTANDING FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE members that vary in typicality. A spreadsheet exemplifies orderly arrays of data; a table of numbers might denote the same sort of thing, but it is not the ideal. 16 And, like any other functional category, metaphorical attributive categories are partly retrieved from memory and partly constructed as needed. As Barsalou (1987) put it, “Rather than being retrieved as static units from memory to represent categories, concepts originate in a highly flexible process that retrieves generic information and episodic information from long term memory to construct temporary concepts in working memory.
Understanding Figurative Language: From Metaphor to Idioms (Oxford Psychology Series) by Sam Glucksberg
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