By Shaaban Khalil; Carlos Muñoz
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Sample text
Hence it might appear that magnetic forces dominate solar wind flow near the sun. However, it turns out that the main contribution of * If the sun is to remain electrically neutral, the outward electron charge flux must match the outward ion charge flux. Furthermore, any plasma must remain electrically neutral, on the average, over scales much longer than the Debye length (6 10 m in the solar wind). Since the solar wind ions are mostly protons, it follows to an excellent approximation that the electron number density equals that of the protons, and the electron bulk speed is v.
The dynamical equations of the flow are Eqs. (27)-(30), with the exception that the heating of ions due to Landau damping of the waves is added to Eq. (30). The amplitudes of the waves are computed as functions of r in the WKB approximation, taking account of losses due to Landau damping. The simultaneous solution of the dynamical equations and the equations for the wave amplitudes then permit the generation of a series of models parameterized by the single quantity F , . , 1971). 18 G. The assumption that T,, > T,, implies preferential heating of the protons somewhere below r = 2R,, and is consistent with at least one reasonable model of heating the inner corona (d’Angelo, 1968, 1969; for a discussion of the relevant coronal observations, see Newkirk, 1967).
1971) which were discussed in the preceding section are primarily aimed at describing the normally active solar wind, of which the quiet wind is a special case. The BHB model of Table IV is one of a series of models generated by varying one parameter, F , , which is the energy flux in the form of magneto-acoustic waves at the base of the model (taken a t r = 2 R,). The density, temperatures, and magnetic field are held fixed at the base of all models of the series. For definiteness, the wave spectrum was taken to be monochromatic, but the results are not sensitive to this assumption or to the choice of frequency.
The enigma of the dark matter by Shaaban Khalil; Carlos Muñoz
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