By John Waller
ISBN-10: 1840463732
ISBN-13: 9781840463736
20 extraordinary years that revolutionised our realizing of disorder. From Hippocrates to Louis Pasteur, the clinical occupation trusted virtually completely fallacious rules bearing on infectious disorder. Bleeding, purging and mysterious nostrums remained staple treatments. Surgeons, usually donning butcher's aprons caked in surgical detritus, blithely unfold an infection from sufferer to sufferer. Then, among 1879 and 1900, got here the germ revolution. clinical virtuosity, awesome highbrow braveness and sour own rivalries characterized this breathtaking speedy sea-change in clinical considering.
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Example text
And, with the contemporary growth of large, insanitary towns and devastating epidemic diseases, hygiene began to be taken ever more seriously. Within just a few generations, in fact, people acquired a much more refined sense of smell. The eighteenth-century urban poor were still forced to live in hastily constructed, disgustingly filthy and insanitary tenements. But awareness was already spreading that the ‘pestilential human rookeries’ of the larger European cities were incubators for epidemic disease.
This, together with the 28 introduction of lime juice as a preventive against scurvy, meant that James Lind’s remark that armed forces lost ‘more of their men by sickness, than by the sword’ ceased to apply to the Royal Navy of the late 1700s. Far more sailors were now living long enough to die of bullet wounds, drowning or venereal disease. Despite the practical weakness of the eighteenthcentury hygiene movement, by the early 1800s the notion that many illnesses were caused by inorganic airborne miasmas was thoroughly established in medical and naval circles.
Even in Leeuwenhoek’s day, however, the notion that life can start unbidden wasn’t universally well received. Critics of the idea were deeply disturbed by the fundamental questions spontaneous generationism raised about the nature of life itself. Is the creation of life a power reserved to the Deity? Or is it something intrinsic to organic matter that has happened every time maggots appear in cheese, wine sours, food begins to stink or mice emerge from beneath piles of rags? And, if the Creator is not involved, where does this leave the Genesis claim of a single creative burst culminating in the appearance of Adam and Eve?
The Discovery of the Germ (Revolutions in Science) by John Waller
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