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Extra info for Radiation Alarms and Access Controls Systems

Sample text

ALARM SYSTEM source. Gaseous radioactive material-for example, tritium-is commonly measured by means of a "flow-through" detector, in which air is drawn continuously through an ionization chamber at a constant known volume rate. The amount of ionization produced in the chamber by radiation from radioactive decay is a function of the type and concentration of gaseous radioactive material in the air. Gaseous radioactive material can also be measured with other devices such as Geiger-Mueller or scintillation detectors mounted outside of a pipe or duct through which the radioactive material is flowing.

In this instance, the beam control system, barriers, and key systems must be designed to prevent the inadvertent production of high radiation levels in the occupied target areas. 2) should have interlocks as an integral part of their access control system. An interlock is a device that automatically reduces the exposure rate upon entry by personnel into a high-radiation area. Also, interlocks prevent the production of high levels of radiation unless all of the barriers are in place. Interlocks are mounted on doors, gates, shutters, movable shields, or other barriers, or under pads on the floor.

Provision is also made to bypass the interlocks by activating contact K3-1 by the action of coil K 3 , which would remain closed for a set time and then automatically remove the bypass. 6 Run/Safe and Emergency Shutdown Switches Large or complex radiation exclusion areas should be equipped with switches that can (1)preclude starting up radiation production (run/ safe switches), or (2) effect an emergency shutdown, or (3) do both in the event that an individual is inadvertently caught within an exclusion area during pre-start-up or actual radiation production operations.

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