By Friedhelm Bechstedt
ISBN-10: 3642554660
ISBN-13: 9783642554667
ISBN-10: 3642624588
ISBN-13: 9783642624582
This complete and leading edge textual content offers an knowing of the geometric and digital constitution of surfaces. It addresses the surfaces of covalent and ionic solids and likewise metals. The publication emphasizes primary elements, comparable to the foundations of floor crystallography and thermodynamics, the forces using the rearrangement of the atoms, and the connection among bonding and digital constitution. The ebook illuminates the connection among floor orientation, chemistry, energetics, and the ensuing houses. The textual content encompasses a dialogue of easy excitations at surfaces, their description and size. the final actual arguments and techniques provided within the e-book also will permit the reader to examine novel surfaces and interfaces of latest fabrics. This makes the publication an crucial connection with all these learning progress, surface-molecule interactions, self-assembled constructions, estate engineering and fabrics development.
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Additional info for Principles of Surface Physics
Example text
Dots: nominal first-layer atoms; circles: nominal second-layer atoms. 14) can be realized by different atomic configurations. This is demonstrated in Fig. 15 for different arrangements of first- and second-layer atoms of a diamond-like material (111) surface. The easiest way to reconstruct the ideal surface (Fig. 15a) is by buckling the first-layer atoms (Fig. 15c). The dangling bonds parallel to [111] become inequivalent. The accompanying different filling with electrons supports the tendency to an inert surface.
The corresponding 2D Bravais lattice transforms according to a certain planar point group (see Fig. 8), the so-called holohedral point group, with elements {α|0}. The 2D crystal, the atoms in the surface and the bulk below, transform according to a subgroup, its point group. The combination of the translational and point group symmetries gives the space group. There are 17 planar space groups. Lattices with a corresponding symmetry are shown in Fig. 16. It is evident that each of the 10 point groups of equivalent directions combined with the corresponding associated lattice gives rise directly to a so-called symmorphic space group with elements {α|R}.
The atoms and molecules in the restgas interact with the surface. Adsorption and desorption of atoms are observed. Besides the temperature and the chemical nature of the atoms, the strength of these processes also depends on the atomic sites on terraces, at islands or near steps. , diffusion on terraces or along steps and interdiffusion due to exchange reactions. One possible consequence is nucleation. Another one is the attachment at steps or islands giving rise to a layer and/or island growth. The elementary kinetic processes are also influenced by the surface morphology and geometry as the presence of trenches and steps which determine the local surface energy.
Principles of Surface Physics by Friedhelm Bechstedt
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