By Dr. Andre Knop, Dr. Louis A. Pilato (auth.)
ISBN-10: 3662024292
ISBN-13: 9783662024294
ISBN-10: 3662024314
ISBN-13: 9783662024317
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Additional resources for Phenolic Resins: Chemistry, Applications and Performance Future Directions
Sample text
The overall reaction is indicated in Eq. 21); the reaction mechanism is discussed in Sect. 2. By the catalytic action of strong bases, e. g. sodium hydroxide, formaldehyde undergoes a disproportionation reaction, known as the Cannizzaro reaction, yielding methanol and formic acid according to Eq. 16). 05%) offormic acid due to the Cannizzaro reaction. The formic acid content can easily be determined by titration with sodium hydroxide. The Kriewitz-Prins reaction 44 J may have some importance in modification reactions of phenolic resins with unsaturated compounds (Chap.
9 x 10- 4 1 mol- 1 s- 1 , HMTA hydrolysis and formation ofthe aminomethylene ionswas the slowest and rate determining step44>. 9 kJ/mol. The MWD of resols catalyzed by high amounts of ammonia deviates considerably from other resols. Tertiary amines lead to prepolymers which are similar to sodium hydroxide-catalyzed resols in their structure (Fig. 1 ), except higher ortho orientation. Ammonia-catalyzed resol solutions are of considerable importance for the production of impregnating resins for electricallaminates and coatings.
March 1976, P. 90 Haldor Topsoe A/S: Nissui Topsoe Formaldehyde Process, Technical Bulletin Chauvel, A. , Sept. 1973, 1979 N. , Nov. 1965, 216; Nov. 1969, 183; Nov. 1975, 150 N. , Nov. : Reaktionen der Organischen Chemie, Heidelberg: Hüthig 1976 N. : Chem. Eng. News, Jan. 30, 1984, P. 14; Feb. 4, 1985, P. 15 Degussa: Paraformaldehyde. Technical Bulletin Adabbo, H. , Williams, R. J. : J. Appl. Polymer Sei. : J. Appl. Polymer Sei. : Phenolic Resins. 15, 2. , New York: Interscience 1968 Degussa: Hexamethylentetramin, Technical Bulletin Porai, A.
Phenolic Resins: Chemistry, Applications and Performance Future Directions by Dr. Andre Knop, Dr. Louis A. Pilato (auth.)
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