By Roy C. Preston (auth.), Roy C. Preston BSc, PhD, C Phys, F Inst P (eds.)
ISBN-10: 1447118839
ISBN-13: 9781447118831
ISBN-10: 1447118855
ISBN-13: 9781447118855
Medical functions of ultrasound diversity from remedy, foetal tracking, diagnostic imaging and blood circulate size, to surgical procedure and lithotripsy. Ever because the earliest advancements of scientific ultrasound there was an curiosity within the dimension and characterisation of the ultrasonic fields generated in those purposes, both for overview of functionality of apparatus or for protection. until eventually lately, strategies for acoustic output measurements have been ill-defined, yet criteria at the moment are being constructed across the world by means of the overseas Electrotechnical fee (1EC) and trustworthy advertisement measuring gear is turning into extra extensively to be had. the purpose of this publication is to introduce acoustic output size thoughts and to supply an perception into the dimension equipment. the cloth provided is predicated on a direction initially run in the course of November 1989 on the nationwide actual Laboratory. as well as the lectures, the direction consisted of a sequence of practicals to permit members to achieve event of constructing measurements. Teddington, united kingdom Roy C. Preston February 1991 Contents checklist of individuals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii checklist of Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv advent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 safeguard of Diagnostic Ultrasonic apparatus: The Relevance of Acoustic Output info to the scientific consumer R. C. Preston 1. 1 advent. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . five 1. 2 The Relevance of Acoustic Output details. . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1. 2. 1 what's Acoustic Output details? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1. 2. 2 what's Acoustic Output details Used For? . . . . . . . 6 1. 2. three Why in case you understand the Acoustic Output degrees of Your apparatus? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1. 2. four Are Acoustic Output degrees particularly that vital? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Extra info for Output Measurements for Medical Ultrasound
Sample text
686p. In homogeneous materials such as fluids, where there is no scattering, it is appropriate to use the term absorption coefficient. 4. The loss (absorption or attenuation) in different materials always increases with frequency. For water the absorption coefficient increases as for castor oil as f~ and soft tissues approximately r, asp. 2, shear waves do not readily propagate in soft tissue and are therefore subject to very high attenuation - typically over one thousand times higher than that for compressional waves.
Range of applicability: How versatile is the piece of measuring equipment? Can it cope with the range of medical ultrasonic systems encountered? 2. Measurement fidelity: How accurate is the measurement? Is the technique simple in concept or are there a number of sources of measurement uncertainty which will significantly degrade accuracy? If there are sources of measurement uncertainty, can these be reliably quantified and the overall accuracy of the technique assessed? 3. Ease of use: Is the technique easy to use or does it require a skilled operator which would increase the overall investment cost?
8 demonstrates one of the main disadvantages, the slow response time which means that the time variation of pulses cannot be resolved. Furthermore, the very fine thermocouples are not easy to manufacture and suffer problems with reproducibility of performance. In principle, for a liquid whose absorption coefficient is known, the devices could produce absolute measurements of intensity, but in practice they are calibrated using a small sphere radiometer. 7 mm). Over the last few years the time-averaged intensities generated by modern Doppler devices have increased to such an extent that there are now concerns about heating effects due to absorption of the ultrasound.
Output Measurements for Medical Ultrasound by Roy C. Preston (auth.), Roy C. Preston BSc, PhD, C Phys, F Inst P (eds.)
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