Noble Gas Detectors by Elena Aprile, Aleksey E. Bolotnikov, Alexander I. PDF

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The mobility has been shown to vary as (gas number density)−1 for pressures from 10 to 6×106 Nm−2 . 11) where f i is the fractional composition of the ith gas. 2 Drift of Charge Carriers in Condensed Phases There are a broad variety of transport properties of charge carriers in condensed noble gases. At the same time, there are a lot of similarities in behavior of electrons and ions (holes) in comparison with those in gas phases. A reason for the similarities is that atoms in condensed noble gases are weakly bonded and compose very soft structures, in some sense, similar to the gaseous phase.

However, low mobility ions may essentially influence the detector performance, for example, in accumulation of spatial charge or initiating secondary ionization processes. 5) where E is electric field strength, N is the number of scattering centers per unit volume, m is the mass of an electron, and ε is the kinetic energy of an electron. The above relation is valid assuming electrons are in a thermal equilibrium with the medium and can be described by the Maxwellian distribution. Clearly, the drift velocity in gases is a linear function of the reduced electric field E/N.

In addition, it is assumed that an average distance between parent ions is significantly larger than an electron–ion separation. Some of the electrons become thermalized beyond the sphere of the Coulomb attraction and they are capable of escaping the recombination even in the absence of the external electric field. However, these free electrons, involved in the random thermal motion, can eventually approach ions and recombine, or they can leave the volume where ionization took place. It is clear, that in this case the recombination probability depends on how long the electrons stay in the vicinity of an ion.

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