By Andrew J. Elliot
ISBN-10: 0203888146
ISBN-13: 9780203888148
ISBN-10: 0805860193
ISBN-13: 9780805860191
Of the various conceptual differences found in psychology this present day, the approach-avoidance contrast sticks out as certainly one of, if now not the, so much basic and uncomplicated. the excellence among method and avoidance motivation has a venerable heritage, not just inside yet past medical psychology, and the deep application of this contrast is obviously obtrusive throughout theoretical traditions, disciplines, and content material parts. This volume is designed to demonstrate and spotlight the critical value of this contrast, to function a one-stop source for students operating during this sector, and to facilitate integration between researchers and theorists with an particular or implicit curiosity in method and avoidance motivation. the most physique of this quantity is geared up based on seven huge sections that characterize center parts of curiosity within the learn of procedure and avoidance motivation, together with neurophysiology and neurobiology, and evaluative tactics. every one part features a minimal of 4 chapters that hide a selected element of strategy and avoidance motivation. The vast applicability of the approach-avoidance contrast makes this guide a vital source for researchers, theorists, and scholars of social psychology and similar disciplines.
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Example text
Many have reported successful EFF learning, but failures to obtain EFF learning are also common (see Cain & LeDoux, 2007 for a complete list of references) and may be underreported. We recently conducted an extensive behavioral examination of EFF, using rearing as the escape response, in order to address reasons for the controversy and to suggest procedural improvements (Cain & LeDoux, 2007). 1A and B). This learning was long lasting (24 h) and response specific (no increase in other nonreinforced behaviors).
Personality and the behavioral disorders (Vol. 1, pp. 431–465). New York: Ronald Press. Mowrer, O. (1960). Learning theory and behavior. New York: Wiley. , & Zajonc, R. (1993). indd 13 13 stimulus exposures. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64, 723–739. Murray, H. (1938). Explorations in personality. New York: Oxford University Press. Öhman, A. (1997). As fast as the blink of an eye: Evolutionary preparedness for preattentive processing of threat. In P. Lang, R. Simmons, & M. ), Attention and orienting: sensory and motivational processes (pp.
We propose that “energization” occurs when the brain’s fear system is activated by a threatening stimulus. This energization is both general (nonspecific arousal systems, such as monoamine containing networks, are activated) and specific (fear responses, such as freezing behavior and associated visceral responses, are elicited). The “direction of behavior away from” the threatening stimulus also reflects the activation of the fear system. In this case, the fear system leads to the activation of motivational circuits that initiate goal-directed behavior.
Handbook of Approach and Avoidance Motivation by Andrew J. Elliot
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