By Masami Kihara
ISBN-10: 1580535062
ISBN-13: 9781580535069
ISBN-10: 1580537650
ISBN-13: 9781580537650
This instruction manual seeks to supply an in-depth and useful knowing of the electronic clock applied sciences utilized in development present day telecommunications networks. overlaying serious info at the PLL (phase-locked loop) procedure for clock synchronization and iteration, and the DDS (direct electronic synthesizer) strategy for clock new release, the paintings is designed to aid the reader in attaining synchronization in high-speed networks and frequency stabilization in moveable apparatus. Discussing either stressed out and instant networks, the amount seems to be on the blend of circuits and structures to provide you a extra thorough knowing of vital layout requisites.
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Additional resources for Digital Clocks for Synchronization and Communications (Artech House Telecommunications Library)
Example text
Its design emphasized compound data permutation as a way to minimize the number of multiplications and additions. Compound permutations, however, take longer in current processors than does arithmetic processing. Current processors have special highspeed adders and can carry out multiplication and addition instructions at maximum speed. In addition, most processors offer pipelining so that arithmetic instructions can be continuously processed. The Winograd DFT algorithm [3] is said to be the most efficient way to minimize the number of multiplications and additions.
However, this is a simple rewriting action of variable ω (a real number) to variable s (a complex number). The meaning of this is explained later in this section. 7 Laplace transform expression for a system. 4) under some assumptions such as linearity. 4) The reader is encouraged to consult [2] or [6] for details of such assumptions and for a more complete description. T (s), called the transfer function, describes the operation of the system. 5). 5) where j is the common imaginary unit (written according to the general convention of electrical engineering where i is reserved for the electric current).
9 General FIR filter configuration. 10 General IIR filter configuration. Here we consider the possible existence of one or more closed loops inside the filter. These classes of either type can be combined since FIR filters are equivalent to nonrecursive type filters, and IIR filters are at the same time of recursive type. Though a real-time FIR filter may require significant amounts of high-speed hardware, it can be used to realize filters with various perfect characteristics. A typical application might be an ideal linear phase filter with no distortion.
Digital Clocks for Synchronization and Communications (Artech House Telecommunications Library) by Masami Kihara
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