New PDF release: Content-Addressable Memories

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Extra info for Content-Addressable Memories

Example text

This is often called the problem of temporaL associations or temporaL recaLL. , they may branch into alternative successive sequences depending on some kind of background or context information; the sequences may also become cyclic. 57]) deals with machines which are intended for production of sequences of machine states. , patterns of output signals) thereby undergoing a state transition. This transition is a function of the present input state as well as the internal state; the output is another function of the input state and internal state, respectively.

In fact, Aristotle made several remarks on the recollections being a synthesis of memorized information, not necessarily identical to the original occurrence. The Laws of Association now give rise to some important issues and they will be discussed below in Sects. 2-5. 2 Similarity Measures The useful capacity of memory for patterned information depends on its ability to recall the wanted items with sufficient se~ectivity. If there existed a unique representation for every occurrence, then content-addressable searching could simply be based on exact match between the search argument and the stored representations as in content-addressable computer memories.

It has turned out that a generally good hashing function is one which spreads the calculated addresses uniformly over the allocated memory area. There are normally two parts in the definition of a hashing function: 1) Conversion of the keyword into numerical form. 2) Mapping of the domain of numerical values into the set of hash addresses. Conversion of Keywords into NumericaZ Form. All information entered into computers or other automatic data handling devices must be in coded form. Punched cards have their own formats for numbers, letters, and other markings, and data are transferred internally and externally in computer systems in the form of special codes, usually in the so called ASCII code where the characters (numbers, letters, and control marks) are encoded by eight bits and thus correspond to one byte in computers.

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