By Stuart A. Rice, Aaron R. Dinner
ISBN-10: 1118122356
ISBN-13: 9781118122358
ISBN-10: 1118158717
ISBN-13: 9781118158715
The Advances in Chemical Physics series—the leading edge of analysis in chemical physics
The Advances in Chemical Physics sequence presents the chemical physics and actual chemistry fields with a discussion board for severe, authoritative reviews of advances in each zone of the self-discipline. choked with state-of-the-art learn mentioned in a cohesive demeanour now not discovered in different places within the literature, every one quantity of the Advances in Chemical Physics sequence deals contributions from the world over well known chemists and serves because the ideal complement to any complex graduate category dedicated to the examine of chemical physics.
This quantity explores:
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regulate of Quantum Phenomena (Constantin Brif, Raj Chakrabarti, and Herschel Rabitz)
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Crowded fees in Ion Channels (Bob Eisenberg)
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Colloidal Crystallization among and 3 Dimensions (H. Lowen, E.C. Oguz, L. Assoud, and R. Messina)
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Statistical Mechanics of drinks and Fluids in Curved area (Gilles Tarjus, FranCois Sausset, and Pascal Viot)
Content:
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Extra info for Advances in Chemical Physics, Volume 148
Example text
Note that F1 (U(T )) is independent of the initial state, as the quantum gate must produce the same unitary transformation for any input state of the qubit system [158]. For state control, the goal is to transform the initial state ρ0 into a final state ρ(T ) = U(T )ρ0 U † (T ) that is as close as possible to the target state ρf . , the Hilbert–Schmidt norm can be used) [145, 214–216]. For observable control, the goal is typically to maximize the expectation value of a target quantum observable (represented by a Hermitian operator).
Most important, the optimization is performed in the laboratory with the actual system and thus is independent of any model. As a result, the AFC method works remarkably well for systems even of high complexity, including, for example, large polyatomic molecules in the liquid phase, for which only very rough models are available. Second, there is no need to measure the laser field in AFC because any systematic characterization of the control “knobs” (such as pulse shaper parameters) is sufficient.
The interference pattern excited by the multiple frequency components of the control pulse can enhance or diminish the total transition probability. The interference effect depends on the spectral phase distribution of the laser pulse. A number of experiments control of quantum phenomena 25 [424–426] used AFC to identify pulse shapes that are optimal for enhancing or canceling the probability of making a transition. Owing to the relative simplicity of the atomic systems studied, it was possible to compare the results of the AFC experiments with theoretical predictions and verify the control mechanism based on quantum interference of multiple laser-driven transition amplitudes.
Advances in Chemical Physics, Volume 148 by Stuart A. Rice, Aaron R. Dinner
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